Akhund Darweza Baba, born in 1533 in Buner District (now part of Pakistan), was a revered Tajik Sufi saint and Islamic scholar. Known for his piety, knowledge, and devotion, he left a profound impact on the region’s spiritual landscape, particularly among the Pashtun tribes. Darweza Baba was a disciple and eventual caliph of Sayyid Ali Tirmizi, widely known as Pir Baba, one of the most significant Sufi saints of the time.
Early Life and Education Of Akhund Darweza Baba
Akhund Darweza was born into a religious family; his father, Shaikh Gadai, instilled in him a passion for spirituality from a young age. Although he initially lacked formal education, he later pursued knowledge with zeal. Darweza studied under prominent scholars, including Syed Mesar Ahmad, Mullah Zangi, and Mullah Sanjar. His dedication to learning led him to travel to Hindustan, where he sought further spiritual enlightenment.
In the early 1550s, Darweza Baba met Sayyid Ali Tirmizi through Mullah Sanjar and became his disciple. Under Pir Baba’s guidance, Darweza received training in Sufism, which deeply influenced his religious beliefs and practices. This mentorship culminated in Darweza becoming one of Pir Baba’s trusted caliphs, committed to spreading his teachings and supporting the local communities.
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Opposition to Pir Roshan Of Akhund Darweza Baba
Akhund Darweza was an ardent defender of traditional Islamic values. Alongside Pir Baba, he staunchly opposed the teachings of Bayazid Ansari, also known as Pir Roshan. Ansari’s beliefs and practices, which included certain unorthodox interpretations of Islam, were seen as a threat to the spiritual well-being of the Pashtun people. Darweza and Pir Baba considered it their religious duty to counter these ideas and to protect their communities from what they viewed as misguided beliefs. Their opposition to Pir Roshan marked a significant period of religious discourse and debate in the region.
Literary Contributions
In addition to his role as a spiritual leader, Akhund Darweza was an accomplished writer. He authored several works that continue to be valued for their insights into Islamic mysticism and Pashtun culture. Among his notable works are:
- Noor Nama Maa Shamayil Nama (Pashto): A revered text that reflects his religious beliefs and teachings.
- Tazkira tul-Abrar val-Ashrar (Farsi): This work documents the lives and deeds of prominent religious figures, serving as a spiritual guide for future generations.
- Makhzan E Islam (Pashto): A manuscript focusing on Islamic teachings and values, emphasizing the importance of spiritual purity.
These works have become important texts within Pashto and Farsi literary traditions, providing insights into the Sufi practices of the time.
List of Pashto-Language Poets
Legacy
Akhund Darweza Baba passed away in 1638 at the age of 104 or 105. His final resting place is in Peshawar, where his tomb has become a site of pilgrimage for followers who continue to seek his blessings and guidance. His legacy endures, not only through his literary contributions but also through the lasting spiritual influence he had on his disciples and the communities he served.
Today, Akhund Darweza Baba is remembered as a pillar of Sufi mysticism in the region. His life and teachings have inspired generations of Muslims, and his influence remains embedded in the spiritual fabric of South Asia.